{"id":1140,"date":"2021-01-18T23:01:41","date_gmt":"2021-01-18T22:01:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/?page_id=1140"},"modified":"2021-01-24T13:38:40","modified_gmt":"2021-01-24T12:38:40","slug":"dema","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/dema\/","title":{"rendered":"DEmA"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][image_with_animation image_url=&#8221;1214&#8243; animation=&#8221;Fade In&#8221; hover_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; alignment=&#8221;&#8221; border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; box_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; max_width=&#8221;100%&#8221; max_width_mobile=&#8221;default&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;Full Width Line&#8221; line_thickness=&#8221;1&#8243; divider_color=&#8221;default&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column_text]The\u00a0<em>Pavia Diachronic Emergence of Alignment (DEmA)<\/em>\u00a0database is a\u00a0<strong>comprehensive open access<\/strong>\u00a0database on the emergence of alignment patterns cross-linguistically.<\/p>\n<p>Historical research has mostly focused on:<\/p>\n<p>(i) shift from one overall alignment system to the other (e.g. nominative &gt; ergative)<\/p>\n<p>(ii) etymological sources of case marking (e.g. demonstrative &gt; ergative).<\/p>\n<p>Less attention has been paid to the features of source constructions and to the type of language change mechanisms involved in the rise of individual alignment patterns.\u00a0Progress in grammaticalization studies and historical linguistics have brought to light an increasing body of evidence that challenges a number of\u00a0traditional assumptions about the general motivations underlying alignment patterns and opens the way for several new research questions (Harris &amp; Campbell 1995; Gildea 1998; Mithun 2005; Creissels 2008; Cristofaro 2012, 2013, 2014, among others):.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>What are the possible source constructions of different alignment patterns?<\/li>\n<li>Which mechanisms of language change may lead to the emergence of individual patterns?<\/li>\n<li>To what extent are particular patterns motivated by the properties of specific source constructions, rather than general semantic or pragmatic principles pertaining to those patterns in themselves?<\/li>\n<li>To what extent does the distribution of individual patterns across different contexts (alignment splits) follow from such principles, and to what extent is it related to the properties of the source construction?<\/li>\n<li>Can specific alignment patterns be related to a single underlying principle, or is each pattern an epiphenomenal result of several distinct diachronic processes, each motivated by a different principle?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The goal of DEmA is to supply\u00a0<strong>easily accessible empirical data<\/strong>\u00a0to investigate these aspects of the emergence of alignment patterns. By virtue of its unique design, DEmA offers a research engine to explore in a systematic way the role of all the different components at play in the emergence of new alighment patterns.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; 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bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Main Contributors&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Raleway%3A100%2C200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C900|font_style:500%20bold%20regular%3A500%3Anormal&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;Full Width Line&#8221; line_thickness=&#8221;1&#8243; divider_color=&#8221;default&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][team_member team_memeber_style=&#8221;bio_fullscreen_alt&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; name=&#8221;Prof. Sonia Cristofaro&#8221; job_position=&#8221;Project leader&#8221;][team_member team_memeber_style=&#8221;bio_fullscreen_alt&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; name=&#8221;Dr. Vittorio Ganfi&#8221; job_position=&#8221;Project assistants&#8221;][\/vc_column][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][team_member team_memeber_style=&#8221;bio_fullscreen_alt&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; name=&#8221;Dr. Guglielmo Inglese&#8221; job_position=&#8221;Project assistants&#8221;][team_member team_memeber_style=&#8221;bio_fullscreen_alt&#8221; image_loading=&#8221;default&#8221; name=&#8221;Dr. Alessio Palmero Aprosio&#8221; job_position=&#8221;Technical realization&#8221; team_member_bio=&#8221;NLP specialist, data manager and system administrator. Works on LEMLAT in the framework of the ERC project LiLa.&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Credits &amp; Contacts&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Raleway%3A100%2C200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C900|font_style:500%20bold%20regular%3A500%3Anormal&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;Full Width Line&#8221; line_thickness=&#8221;1&#8243; divider_color=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text]The\u00a0<em>Pavia Diachronic Emergence of Alignment (DEmA)<\/em>\u00a0project has been carried out at the Department of Humanities of the University of Pavia, Section of Theoretical and Applied Linguistics.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonia Cristofaro<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:sonia.cristofaro@unipv.it\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">sonia.cristofaro@unipv.it<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Guglielmo Inglese<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"mailto:guglielmo.inglese@kuleuven.be\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">guglielmo.inglese@kuleuven.be<\/span><\/a>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; phone_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221; column_border_width=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_style=&#8221;solid&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;References&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h4|text_align:left&#8221; google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Raleway%3A100%2C200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800%2C900|font_style:500%20bold%20regular%3A500%3Anormal&#8221;][divider line_type=&#8221;Full Width Line&#8221; line_thickness=&#8221;1&#8243; divider_color=&#8221;default&#8221;][vc_column_text]\n<ul>\n<li class=\"Default\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Creissels, Denis. 2008. Direct and indirect explanations of typological regularities: the case of alignment variations.\u00a0<i>Folia Linguistica<\/i>\u00a042, 1\u201338.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"Default\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Cristofaro, Sonia. 2012. Cognitive explanations, distributional evidence, and diachrony.\u00a0<i>Studies in Language<\/i>\u00a036, 645\u201370.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"Default\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Cristofaro, Sonia. 2013. The referential hierarchy: Reviewing the evidence in diachronic perspective. In Dik Bakker &amp; Martin Haspelmath (eds),\u00a0<i>Languages across Boundaries: Studies in the Memory of Anna Siewierska<\/i>, 69\u201393. Berlin: de Gruyter.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"Default\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Cristofaro, Sonia. 2014. Competing motivations and diachrony: what evidence for what motivations? In Brian MacWhinney, Andrej Malchukov &amp; Edith Moravcsik (eds.),\u00a0<i>Competing motivations in grammar and usage<\/i>, 282\u201398. Oxford: OUP.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"Default\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Gildea, Spike. 1998.\u00a0<i>On reconstructing grammar: Comparative Cariban morphosyntax<\/i>. Oxford: OUP.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"Default\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Harris, Alice C. &amp; Lyle Campbell. 1995.\u00a0<i>Historical syntax in cross-linguistic perspective<\/i>. Cambridge: CUP.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row type=&#8221;in_container&#8221; full_screen_row_position=&#8221;middle&#8221; column_margin=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_tablet=&#8221;default&#8221; column_direction_phone=&#8221;default&#8221; scene_position=&#8221;center&#8221; text_color=&#8221;dark&#8221; text_align=&#8221;left&#8221; row_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; row_border_radius_applies=&#8221;bg&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; shape_divider_position=&#8221;bottom&#8221; bg_image_animation=&#8221;none&#8221;][vc_column column_padding=&#8221;no-extra-padding&#8221; column_padding_tablet=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_phone=&#8221;inherit&#8221; column_padding_position=&#8221;all&#8221; background_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; background_hover_color_opacity=&#8221;1&#8243; column_shadow=&#8221;none&#8221; column_border_radius=&#8221;none&#8221; column_link_target=&#8221;_self&#8221; gradient_direction=&#8221;left_to_right&#8221; overlay_strength=&#8221;0.3&#8243; width=&#8221;1\/1&#8243; tablet_width_inherit=&#8221;default&#8221; tablet_text_alignment=&#8221;default&#8221;&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1140"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1140"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1218,"href":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1140\/revisions\/1218"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/su-lab.unipv.it\/tasf\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}